This Day In History

1942 Roman Catholic churches protest Dutch bishops stand against spread of Judaism.

1943 Lt. Colonel Otto Skorzeny's commando group arrives in Rome, Italy. (Otto Skorzeny was an Austrian SS-Obersturmbannführer in the German Waffen-SS, who after the war reportedly worked as an assassin for Israeli intelligence).  A temperature of 120°F (49°C) was recorded in Tishmoningo, Oklahoma that sets a state record.  

1944 Japanese suicide attack on U.S. lines in Guam.  Soviet troops arrive in Weichsel (Vistula River area of Poland).  U.S. offensive at St-Lo, France.  The U.S. 2nd Armor Division ("Hell on Wheels") occupies St. Giles, France.  The first German V-2 rocket hits Great Britain (nicknamed "gasometer").  

1945 The Potsdam Declaration: The United States, Britain and China warned Imperial Japan to unconditionally surrender or face "prompt and utter destruction". The Japanese government disregards the ultimatum.   Physicist Raemer Schreiber and Lieutenant Colonel Peer de Silva depart Kirtland Army Air Field to transport the plutonium core for the Fat Man bomb (bombing of Nagasaki) to the island of Tinian where the bomb is assembled.  U.S. cruiser Indianapolis reaches Tinian with atom bomb.  In Great Britain, after the Labour Party landslide in the general election, Clement Attlee becomes British Prime Minister. Winston Churchill resigns as Prime Minister after the election defeat.